APP

Materia alba is a deposit of disorganised material, milky white in colour, soft and visible to the naked eye. It can accumulate in the cervical area of the teeth and on the oral mucosa. This occurs especially where the mucosal site(s)  is(are) poorly subject to mechanical, self-cleaning mechanisms. Materia alba presents as the persistence of a...

Idiopathic leukoplakia is a white-greyish lesion (patch or plaque), which cannot be removed, being asymptomatic and devoid of pathology. It mainly concern males between 30 and 60 years of age. Typically, the leukoplakia is situated on the underside/margins of the tongue, the floor of the oral cavity but also on the buccal...

Lesion clinically appearing as a red-coloured (erosion), occurring after contact with an irritant (e.g. the ingestion of food or drugs). Once the irritant has been identified, its consumption should be suspended and a hyaluronic gel with amino acids applied. If the lesion does not disappear within 15 days, a biopsy and histo-cytopathological examination are...

Many drugs (including amiodarone, ketoconazolo, tetracycline and chlorhexidine) have been associated with the presence of pigmented lesions in the oral cavity. From a pathogenetic point of view, the mechanisms by which these lesions can co-exist vary: 1) a direct depositing on the oral surface; 2) a peripheral accumulation after systemic absorption; 3) by...

It is a reactive lesion of unknown origin resulting from a process of bone destruction. On the basis of the location, central types can be distinguished, which affect the intra-bone areas, and peripheral types affecting the gingival tissue. In the majority of cases both types are situated in the forward part of...

Tuberculosis is an infective pathology with a chronic progression; it is caused by Mycobaterium tubercolosis. The disease has been known for centuries but it experienced a marked decrease during the 20th century, particularly in industrialised countries, thanks to the use of: antibiotics, vaccinations and improved, socio-economic conditions. In the last twenty years or so,...

An angioma is an exophytic, benign, vascular lesion (neoformation), resulting from the proliferation of the vascular endothelium (haemangioma) or the epithelium of lymphatic vessels (lymphangioma). It can present at birth or during the first months of life as a congenital variant and/or oral manifestation of systemic disease (e.g. Sturge-Weber syndrome, Maffucci’s syndrome and...

Fungal infection which is spread by various species of the fungus Candida, a commensal normally found in the oral cavity in more than 40% of the population. The most common species is C. Albicans but other less frequent species – such as C. Dubliniensis, C. Krusei and C. Glabrata – are also known.Clinically,...