Pyogenic granuloma

A pyogenic granuloma is an exophytic lesion (neoformation) which is predominantly inflammatory in nature. It appears as a sessile neoformation, mainly situated on the masticatory mucosa, particularly in the frontal sectors of the oral cavity. It is covered by integral, pink mucosa more rarely red-mauvish with a smooth or lobulated surface. Where its dimensions exceed 2 cm in diameter, alterations to masticatory and phonatory functioning can occur. Pyogenic granuloma in the gingival tissue is known as epulides and it can grow to cover the dental crowns, thereby exposing itself to trauma or occasional blood loss. If it occurs during pregnancy, it is known as epulis gravidarum and is correlated with frequent hormonal changes and poor oral hygiene. Total removal by surgery is the treatment of choice and this must reach the bone in order to avoid a regrowth. Only epulis gravidarum recedes spontaneously at the conclusion of the pregnancy.