_DISEASES_EN

Also termed “chloasma”, pregnancy pigmentation is a pigmentation of the skin and/or mucosa which appears during pregnancy due to hormonal stimulation. No treatment is required because the condition generally disappears at the conclusion of the pregnancy. However, exposure to the sun should be minimised.

A neurofibroma is a benign tumour which originates in perineural fibroblasts. It is generally a neoformation and in rarer cases, lesions can be multiple when they form a part of the clinical picture of Von Recklinghausen's disease or neurofibromatosis. The latter is a hereditary pathology, which is characterised by the formation of mucosal...

Actinomycosis is a swelling or ulceration of the soft tissue or osteomyelitis of the oral cavity with swelling of the bone and periosteum and suppurative secretions. It is a chronic infection which is granulomatous and abscess-forming. Actinomycosis concerns mainly elderly, diabetic, immunosuppressed and dialysis patients. Diagnosis is by referring to the clinical picture, a...

Muco-epidermoid carcinoma is the most malignant tumour of the salivary glands, characterised by the presence of epithelial cells which produce mucin. Its biological behaviour varies from low-grade to high-grade tumours. Muco-epidermoid carcinoma occurs in the majority of cases in the parotid gland with the pathology varying on the basis of various degrees of malignancy:...

EROSION: a loss in the substance of superficial epithelial strata which heals without leaving any scar tissue. The bottom part can be red in colour due to the exposure of underlying connective tissue or yellow due to fibrin deposits ULCER: a loss of epithelial strata, extending to sub-epithelial connective tissue. Healing may involve scarring

Recurrent aphthous stomatitis is an autoimmune pathology, forming erosive/ulcerative lesions which are termed aphthae. Clinically, three variants can be distinguished: minor, major and herpetiform.In the minor form ulceration is small in size, less than 1 cm and surrounded by an erythematous ring with a fibrinous membrane. Minor form aphthae are present on non-keratinised...

A haematoma is a collection of blood, which appears as a swelling of bluish-red tissue.

Physiological or racial pigmentation involves dark pigmentation throughout the oral cavity, particularly the buccal, masticatory and palatal mucosa in black or dark-skinned patients. The pigmentation is widespread, not marked by sex, appearing as dark or as light at the natural pigmentation of the patient. The pigmentation is of no pathological significance and, therefore, requires...

Phlegmon is an acute infection which takes hold and spreads throughout the superficial or deep connective tissue. It is characterized by oedema and hyperemia, devoid of limiting inflammatory walls, and festering tissue is scarce or absent, unlike an abscess. Phlegmon is usually caused by bacteria (eg. Staphylococci), which, after long, external exposure or directly...

Noma is also termed: stomatitis gangrenosa, necrotizing ulcerative stomatitis, cancrum oris or a ‘poverty ulcer’. It is an infective pathology of the oral cavity, which is highly disabling with a rapid progression. It is caused by opportunistic micro-organisms which become virulent in specific, debilitating situations for the host. These include: severe malnutrition, dehydration, no...