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An angioma is an exophytic, benign, vascular lesion (neoformation), resulting from the proliferation of the vascular endothelium (haemangioma) or the epithelium of lymphatic vessels (lymphangioma). It can present at birth or during the first months of life as a congenital variant and/or oral manifestation of systemic disease (e.g. Sturge-Weber syndrome, Maffucci’s syndrome and...

Varices are a para-physiological alteration of the veins, due to a loss in elasticity (especially in older patients) which present as a deterioration of one or more blood vessels, assuming a contorted form and typical bluish or violet colouration. Intraorally, varices are very common under the tongue (sublingual varices), asymptomatic and require no treatment...

A haematoma is a collection of blood, which appears as a swelling of bluish-red tissue.

Fluid-filled lesion, generally containing serous fluid and greater than 5 mm in diameter. It is situated at different depths of the epithelium (intraepithelial, subdermal and submucosal)

Lesion clinically appearing as a red-coloured (erosion), occurring after contact with an irritant (e.g. the ingestion of food or drugs). Once the irritant has been identified, its consumption should be suspended and a hyaluronic gel with amino acids applied. If the lesion does not disappear within 15 days, a biopsy and histo-cytopathological examination are...

Oral Candidosis is a fungal infection which is spread by various species of the fungus Candida, a commensal normally found in the oral cavity in more than 40% of the population.  The most common species is C. Albicans but other less frequent species – such as C. Dubliniensis, C. Krusei and C. Glabrata –...

Exophytic, benign, vascular lesion (neoformation), resulting from the proliferation of the vascular endothelium (haemangioma) or the epithelium of lymphatic vessels (lymphangioma). It can present at birth or during the first months of life as a congenital variant and/or oral manifestation of systemic disease (e.g. Sturge-Weber syndrome, Maffucci’s syndrome and Dandy-Walker syndrome); it spontaneously...

A haematoma is a collection of blood, which appears as a swelling of bluish-red tissue.

Lesion clinically appearing as a red-coloured (erosion, ulcer, bulla), occurring after contact with a external (e.g. pencil, screwdriver) or internal traumatic agent (e.g. food, an unsuitable filling or fractured teeth/residual root). Once the agent has been identified, its elimination is advisable and the application of a hyaluronic gel with amino acids. If the...

Erythema multiforme (EM) and correlated disorders (Stevens-Johnson syndrome, toxic epidermal necrolysis and Lyell’s syndrome) are immune-mediated, muco-cutaneous conditions, which are characterised by a wide range of clinical symptoms with varying degrees of severity. EM mainly affects young adults as teenagers or young adults; 20% of cases concern children. It heals spontaneously and is characterised...